this post was submitted on 07 May 2024
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True that. Hadn't thought of that as it's not my typical VPN use case.
I'm not sure what a VPN provider could do about that though, they don't control the operating system's networking stack. If the user or an outside process that the user decides to trust (i.e. a dhcp server) adds its own network routes, the OS will follow it and route traffic outside of the tunnel.
The defenses I see against it are:
Edit: thinking about it some more, on Linux at least the VPN client could add some iptables rules that block traffic going through any other interface than the tunnel device (i.e. if it's not through tun0 or wg0, drop it). Network routes can't bypass iptables rules, so that should work. It will have the side effect that the VPN connection will appear not to work if someone is using the option 121 trick though, but at least you would know something funny was happening.