Clickbait headline. What Google did was add a new tab for web results (only) in their search page, similar to images and news.
I do find it interesting/funny that Google felt the need to actually provide this, as a sort of acknowledgement that their main search "results" page is so full of random info boxes and generated content that people can't find actual links anymore.
According to the page linked in the post above, overseas businesses selling in Australia are subject to the same rules. It does say the rules might be hard to enforce on overseas businesses though.
I would guess that Google uses a randomised rollout system to make changes affect a tiny % of users while they test it (common in big software companies). Changing your useragent might make you appear as a different client that's not affected (yet). Source: I work in software and can guess.
Google doesn't make money directly from harvesting your data, they make money from harvesting your data then showing you ads based on that data. So if you're running an ad blocker then they aren't making money from you (unless you pay them for stuff like subscriptions and apps). As ad blocking becomes more common they are definitely going to get more draconian to try to claw back that money (growth is infinite, profits must go up /s).
Also BTW Google probably makes more like $50 per user per year on average (looking at revenue and internet population) so they would never offer a $2/year ad block unless forced to by regulation.
Yep, very little of the main page is links anymore.
The article actually does make an interesting argument that the web is becoming a legacy format in favour of generative AI and social media interaction, and takes this as an example of that trend.