Selfhosted

Here's the secret to stuff like this:

Run a single reverse proxy / edge router for all of your containerised services.

I recommend Traefik - https://gitlab.com/Matt.Jolly/traefik-grafana-prometheus-docker

You can configure services with labels attached to the container and (almost) never expose ports directly. It also lets you host an arbitrary number of services listening on 80/443.

An example config might look like this:

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.9'

services:
  bitwarden:
    image: vaultwarden/server:latest
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/vaultwarden/:/data
    environment:
#      - ADMIN_TOKEN=
      - WEBSOCKET_ENABLED=true
    networks:
      - proxy
    labels:
      - traefik.enable=true
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-https.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt
      - traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-https.redirectScheme.scheme=https
      - traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-https.redirectScheme.permanent=true
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-https.rule=Host(`my.domain.com`)
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-https.entrypoints=websecure
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-https.tls=true
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-https.service=bitwarden-ui
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-http.rule=Host(`my.domain.com`)
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-http.entrypoints=web
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-http.middlewares=redirect-https
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-ui-http.service=bitwarden-ui
      - traefik.http.services.bitwarden-ui.loadbalancer.server.port=80
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-https.rule=Host(`my.domain.com) && Path(`/notifications/hub`)
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-https.entrypoints=websecure
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-https.tls=true
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-https.service=bitwarden-websocket
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-http.rule=Host(`my.domain.com`) && Path(`/notifications/hub`)
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-http.entrypoints=web
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-http.middlewares=redirect-https
      - traefik.http.routers.bitwarden-websocket-http.service=bitwarden-websocket
      - traefik.http.services.bitwarden-websocket.loadbalancer.server.port=3012

Seconding a reverse proxy. Once you have it set up, it's trivial to add a subdomain, forward it to your internal port that your container is exposing, then use certbot or whatever to get a new certificate for that subdomain.

I just use apache because I heavily use it for work, so I already know it well. But lots of people swear by nginx as well. There are lots of other options as well.

I use Nginx Proxy Manager to reverse proxy all my services including Vaultwarden -

Setup in NPM -

Open Nginx Proxy Manager Admin Portal
Click Proxy Hosts
Click Add Proxy Host
Fill in the details
    Details tab
        Domain Names - vault.your.domain
        Scheme - http
        Forward Hostname/IP - vaultwarden (this should be the name of your vw container)
        Forward Port - 80
        Tick Block Common Exploits
        Tick Websockets Support
        Access List - Publicly Accessible
    Custom locations tab
        Add the following locations
            location 1
                location - /notifications/hub
                Scheme - http
                Forward Hostname/IP - vaultwarden
                Forward Port - 3012
                Click the cog symbol and add the following to the textbox that appears
                    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
                    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
                    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            location 2
                location - /notifications/hub/negotiate
                Scheme - http
                Forward Hostname/IP - vaultwarden
                Forward Port - 80
                Click the cog symbol and add the following to the textbox that appears
                    proxy_set_header Host $host;
                    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            location 3
                location - /
                Scheme - http
                Forward Hostname/IP - vaultwarden
                Forward Port - 80
                Click the cog symbol and add the following to the textbox that appears
                    proxy_set_header Host $host;
                    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    SSL tab
        SSL Certificate - Request a new SSL Certificate
        tick Use a DNS Challenge (or just expose port 80 if you accept the risk)
        DNS Provider - Dynu (this is my dyndns provider)
        Credentials File Content - replace YOUR_DYNU_AUTH_TOKEN with the API key from https://www.dynu.com/en-US/ControlPanel/APICredentials
        Email Address for Let's Encrypt - your email
        Tick I Agree to the Let's Encrypt Terms of Service
Click Save
Vaultwarden should now be accessible via https://vault.your.domain

Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I've seen in this thread:

5 acronyms in this thread; the most compressed thread commented on today has 13 acronyms.

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