Selfhosted

I'm currently hosting vaultwarden on my rack, mostly just because I can really. It's easy enough and I have plenty of resources.

To improve security of option 1 you could use a keyfile, that is either only transferred manually to devices or stored at a second cloud provider.

Why not Keepass on a webdav server? Both Keepass on the computer and Keepass2Android can open the file directly. If you save it on one it will merge the changes in any other copies you have open.

I've been using option 1 for many many years. It lets me keep control of the encryption, and it's accessible just about anywhere.

I went from Keepass synced via NextCloud (self hosted) for years... to trying out Bitwarden (their servers) and found the experience much better... then I switched to Vaultwarden via Docker going through Cloudflare Tunnel (with zero trust email authentication required) and fail2ban added. I'm content with the last option.

Been using option 3 but with Bitwarden for almost 5 years at this point. First started out on a VM in a cloud provider. Now it's in a VM on unraid behind a local HAProxy or Cloudflare tunnel for remote access.

Bitwardens full docker stack provides great daily backups which I've had to restore on occasion or go back to one from months ago to dig out a password for my wife.

Been testing and hoping to move to the unified-container from them soon, assuming I can replicate encrypted backups like their solution.

I switched to proton pass after using bitwarden for a couple years

I do 3 and have encrypted backups to Dropbox so I can easy restore/spin up a cloud server if I need to

Option 2, because once you start thinking about the ways your stuff could be stolen ("threat modelling") you'll see that realistically it's the easiest option.

Lastpass /s

I like LessPass, essentially you choose one password and then it generates secure passwords for each website, since it uses a predefined generation algorithm it's completely offline and doesn't need syncing it's very secure. However it has the inconvenience of needing to remember the way you spelled the website, but if you stick to something like all lowercase it's fine.

I did option 1 for a number of years but now I'm doing option 3 off a proxmox container and some cloud scripted backup. So far so good.

We just started doing option 3 at work and just keep it behind the firewall. It is going well so far.

I'm currently using KeePassXC. The setup that I created below gives me 3-backups of my passwords, but it's a bit to manage.

Computer

On my computer, I have my keepassxc database and key file stored in a veracrypt container. Next to my computer, I have a piece of paper that has the password for my keepassxc database and the password for my veracrypt container.

computer -> veracrypt container -> keepassxc database AND keepassxc key file

paper -> keepassxc database pw AND veracrypt pw

KeePassXC Export File (text file that contains all of my login information)

I store this file inside of a veracrypt container, on my USB LUKS. Next to my USB LUKS, I have a piece of paper that has the associated veracrypt password.

usb luks -> veracrypt container -> keepassxc export file

paper -> veracrypt pw

Cloud

I store my database in cloud service a.

I store my key file in a veracrypt container, in cloud service b.

On a piece of paper, I have the login information to both of these cloud accounts and the password for the veracrypt container.

I like Enpass. $25 lifetime sub via Stack social. Does the trick. If they ever pull the rug out on lifetime folks, I would go to Bitwarden.